Greenness assessment

Time spent in urban green areas (greenness exposure) is assessed using different procedures. Green and grey spaces surrounding the residential address of each participant are calculated based on the average of 2D and 3D indicators of green and grey spaces around each participant’s geocoded residential address. The 2D indicator, namely Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), is calculated using high-resolution (approximately 5 m x 5 m resolution) data obtained from 5 multispectral sensor-equipped satellites. The 3D indicators, including green volume, grey volume, Normalized Difference of Green-Grey Volume (NDGG), as well as tree count, derive from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data.

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